Twisting device for textile strands



Jan. 20, 1953 N. E. KLEIN "2,625,785

TWISTING DEVICE FOR TEXTILE STRANDS Filed Aug. 12, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 1INVENTOR NORMAN E. KLEIN ATTORNEY Jan. 20, 1953 N. E. KLEIN TWISTINGDEVICE FOR TEXTILE STRANDS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 12, 1950 III.Iillllll/IIIIIIIIIIJI/I/lllllll/I 4 1-4II0II!III/IIIIl/lllllllI!lllzllllffllffllltfllll III III

M @A E 7 INVENTOR NORMHN E. KLEIN BY 7 5. 2M2;

ATTORNEY Jan. 20, 1953 Filed Aug. 12, 1950 IN. E. KLEIN TWISTING DEVICEFOR TEXTILE STRANDS 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR NORMAN E KLEIN ZELMA 2MATTORNEY Jan. 20, 1953 N. E. KLEIN 2,625,

TWISTING DEVICE FOR TEXTILE STRANDS Filed Aug. 12, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 4dob INVENTOR NORMHN E. KLEIN MM 2. M

ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 20, 1953 TWISTING DEVICE FOR TEXTILE STRANDSNorman E. Klein, Clemson, S. 0., assignor to Deering Milliken ResearchTrust, Pendleton, S. 0., a nonprofit trust of Maine Application August12, 1950, Serial No. 179,069

29 Claims.

The present invention relates to twisting machines for filamentarymaterial and more particularly to machines of the type adapted to imparttwo twists to the material for each revolution of a spindle andcomprises an improved twister of this general type which operatesefiiciently at high spindle speed and accommodate relatively largesupply packages while requiring no greater floor space than twisterswhich impart but one twist to the yarn for each rotation of the spindle.

While the general principles of operation of two-for-one twisters havelong been known and descriptions of such twisters abound in theliterature and in the patent art, it is a fact that the only devices ofthi character, until applicant's invention, which have been foundsufficiently practical to be adopted by the industry are those whichoperate at relatively low spindle speeds and which are only suitable fortwisting yarns of high denier such as tire cord. The reasons why theprior art devices have not been practicable are not hard to find. Atwo-for-one twister, as compared to a conventional one-forone twister,will twist a given length of yarn in half the time, assuming bothspindles operate at the same rate. However, if the two-for-one spindlerequires twice the floor space of the onefor-one spindle, no advantageis gained by the two-for-one operation and as the expense ofconstructing the two-for-one spindle is ordinarily greater than that forthe one-for-one, there is a disadvantage rather than an advantage inchanging to two-for-one operation. If the twofor-one spindles cannotoperate at the high spindle speeds of the one-for-one twisters, and thathas been true in the case of the prior art twofor-one twisters, thetheoretical advantage of the two-for-one twister is further reduced.Another important factor to be considered in comparing the two types ofoperation is down time, that is the time during which the twister is notoperating, either because of an end down or because the twister is beingdoffed. The prior art two-for-one twisters using the same gage or floorspace could not accommodate as large 'a supply package as one-for-onetwisters and hence doffing time was greater and, because of the morecomplicatedoperation 'of the twofor-one twisters, ends down were morefrequent and more time was required for rethreading after breakage ofthe yarn. It will be apparent from the foregoing brief comparison oftwo-for-one and one-for-one operations why the textile industry has not,prior to applicants invention,

found an acceptable two-for-one twister or general application.

The first two-for-one twister, so far as applicant is aware, that hasbeen found in mill operation to be so constructed as to effectuate thesavings theoretically expected in two-for-one operation is thatdisclosed and claimed in applicant's copending application Serial No.133,047 filed December 15, 1949, to which reference may be had. Thetwister of that application is so dimensioned that its gage is nogreater than that of conventional one-for-one twisters and, in fact, wasproportioned for substitution for the onefor-one spindles in a wellknown twister frame, the Atwood Model M- of the Universal WindingCompany of Providence, Rhode Island. The two-for-one twister of theprior application accommodates a supply package as large as, if not'larger than, that of the conventional one-forone twisters and operatesat speeds substantially higher than those of the one-for-one twisters.Also, because of the various constructional features thereof influencingthe yarn flow path, the twister operates with a minimum of ends down andrethreading although necessarily somewhat more time consuming than inone-for-one operation, is nevertheless simpler than in prior arttwo-for-one twisters.

In the operation at high spindle speeds of the twister ofthe abovementioned application, or in fact of any twister of the type whereinyarn is emitted from a passage in a rapidly rotating spindle, when yarnbreaks, the end or tail extending from the spindle whips againstadjacent parts of the mechanism and the yarn, when the' spindle rotationis not stopped, continues to be fed through the spindle opening bycentrifugal force developed at such high spindle speeds.

This whipping of the tail and continued feeding of yarn causes lint tobe blown about and short lengths of yarn to be broken from the tail.These' short lengths are blown over into adjacent units of the frame,catch on the balloons thereof and cause yarn breaks in such units. Thisproblem is serious only at high spindle speeds and only when no meansare provided on the twisting frame for stopping rotation of the spindlewhen an end is down. Automatic stop means for each spindle areinadvisable because of the added cost thereof while stoppage of theentire frame is uneconomical as will be readily appreciated.

The present invention provides a solution for this problem of 'yarnfeed-through andthus insures efiicient operation of the new two-for-one'twister at high spindle speeds. Briefly the solution of the problem isobtained by providing means engageable by the tail extending from thespindle after yarn breakage that will so guide the tail as to shortenthe distance which the tail extends radially from the axis of thespindle, thus reducing the centrifugal force causing feedthrough andfurther in providing in the spindle gripping means adapted to engage theyarn end only when breakage has'occurred and the path of the end hasbeen deflected by the first mentioned means. Associated with the pathdeflecting means is a fixed pin or post disposed substantially parallelto the spindle axis against which the free end of the tail whips andabout which the tail wraps itself.

In addition to the improvement of the two-forone twister of the saidco-pending application involved in the above briefly describedconstruction for avoiding the difiiculties engendered by yarnfeed-through after breakage, the twister of the present applicationincorporates a number of novel features representing specific advancesin yarn tension control, in capacity, in stability and in facility ofoperation over that of the prior application, some of which are brieflyindicated below and others of which will becomeapparent as thedescription proceeds.

The changes-in construction and operation of the twister of the priorapplication incidental to the solution of the yarn feed-through problemresults in a reduction in the tension gradient in the yarn and thisreduction, particularly when the twister is operating to impart a veryhigh twist to yarn, results intheproduction of a yarn .of unexpectedlybetter quality;

As compared. with the twister of said prior application, the twister ofthe present invention, although of no greater gage, is constructed toaccommodate a larger yarn supply package, thus increasing the timebetween dofiing.

In the twister of the prior application thepretension device within thespindle was mounted to be normally movable out of the path of the yarnduring the rethreading operation. In one embodiment of the presentinvention, the spindle is constructed to provide aby-pass of thepretension device for accommodation of the threading snake duringthreading up, thus avoiding the necessity for pivotal mounting of thepretension device.

In. the prior application a balloon confining ring is disclosed and theimportant function thereof in control of yarn tension is described. Theballoon confining ring of the twister of the present invention is of aconfiguration found to result in substantially improved operation of thetwister,

particularly when nylon or'other thermoplastic yarn is beingztwisted.

For a better understanding of the invention and of'the novel featuresthereof reference may be had to the accompanving drawings of which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view partly in elevation of a.two-for-one twister representing the presently preferred embodiment, ofthe invention;

Fig. 1A is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of a twisterillustrating an alternative con-- struction .-of a part of the twisterof Fig.

1; Fig. 2 a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;Fig. 2A is a fragmentary side view showing the spindle orifice; Fig. 2Bis a. horizontal section taken on the line ZB-ZB of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is anisometric view of the balloon confining ring, yarn tail deflectingmeansand post about which the end Wrans after breakage, the parts beingshown detached from the remainder of the twister for clarity; Figs. 4

' washer and 4A are diagrammatic horizontal sectional and side views,respectively, of the spindle in the neighborhood of the orifice throughwhich the yarn is emitted and of the tail deflecting means showing ayarn tail after breakage, Fig. 4A being a view looking in the directionof the arrow 4A of Fig. 4; Figs. 5 and 5A are views similar to Figs. 4and 4A, respectively, but showing the yarn tail path after a partialrotation of the spindle; Figs. 6 and 6A are views similar to Figs. 5 and5A, respectively, but representing a subsequent position of the yarntail; Figs. '7 and 7A are views similar to Figs. 6 and 6A, respectively,but showing the tail engaging the post; and Figs. 8 and 8A are viewssimilar to Figs. 7 and 7A, respectively, but showing the tail held atthe spindle and wrapped about the post.

In Figure 1 the spindle rail of a. twister frame is indicated at 2 and aconventional swing gate at 4. A spindle support post 6 is shock mountedon the ledge 4' of the gate by means of washers 8 and it of syntheticrubber or the like, washer 8 being disposed between a flange l2 fixed tothe post 6 and the upper surface of the ledge 4' and I0 being disposedbetween a thrust washer I4 and the lowersurface of the ledge. The lowerend of post 6 is threaded to receive a' nut IS the upper end of whichsupports a thrust washer IS. A strong spira1 compression springsurrounds the part of the post beneath the ledge and bears against theupper and lower thrust washers l4 and Hi. This arrangement provides avibration freebut at the same time sufiiciently firmly mounted axle tosupport vertically. the twister mechanism. now to be described.

The spindle comprises a whirl or sleeve 22 mounted by means of lower andupper ball bearings 24 and 26, respectively, on the post 6, the skirt ofa cylindrical plug 28 being interposed between the upper bearing 26 andthe sleeve 22. The plug 28, which is press fit into the sleeve 22, hasan end wall which is of generally conical shape. A radial yarn threadingguide slot 30 having a smoothly curved lower surface 32 is formed in theend wall of the plug and the sleeve 22 adjacent the extremity of theslot 30 is provided with an orifice 34 for emergence of yarn therefrom.A portion of the conical end of the plug 28 is cut away, as indicated at36 to insure dynamic stability by compensating for the weight removed informing the orifice 34 and slot 30.

Orifice 34 is V-shaped on each side (see Fig. 2A) and has a medialdepending portion 38 which is rounded at its lower end and which serves,together with slot 30 in plug 28, to guide the threading snake duringthe threading up operation. The edges of orifice 34, and particularlythe upper edges thereof, are smooth for substantially abrasionlesspassage of yarn thereover.

Within the sleeve 22 above the plug 28. is a split ring 40 of springsheet steel or the like which is secured to the sleeve by rivetsuniformly spaced over an arc of degrees, equal arcs of the ring oneither side of the split therein being free to move toward and away fromthe inner surface of the sleeve. The split in the ring 46 is of anarouate length less than that between the apices of the Vs forming thesides of the orifice 34 and the ring is so oriented that the center ofthe slit is in radial alignment with the center of the orifice. Theupper edge of the ring 40 is cut away at each side of the slit to formgenerally tapering portions 40A and 46B the ends of which underlie theextremities of the Vs of orifice 34. These end portions, after initialcircular forming of the ring, arebent inwardly into the positionindicated in Figure 2. During rotation of the spindle, as by aconventional belt in engagement with the whorl 22, the portions 40A and4013 move outwardly under the influence of centrifugal force into theposition shown in Figure 4 and serve upon yarn breakage to grip and holdthe yarn end as will be more fully described in connection with Figures4 through 8A.

Mounted as by soldering and a press fit on the spindle sleeve 22immediately above .the orifice 34 is a yarn storage or wrap arounddevice 42 which may be formed from sheet steel as by stamping. Thestorage device comprises acentral cylindrical portion 44, a disc portion46 the surface of which slopes slightly downward with increase in radiusand a smooth annular skirt portion 48. The skirt 48 is cut away asindicated at 50 over an arc the center of which is in the same verticalplane as the center of orifice 34 and the edges of the cut away part aresmoothlyrounded for passage of yarn thereover. Spot welded to the discportion 46- of the storage device 42 is a disc flyer 52 ofgenerally'saucer shape. The outer edge of the fiyer is rounded upwardand highly polished.

A bearing 54 having a tapering bore is mounted within the upper end ofthe sleeve 22 above the orifice 34 and supported within the inner raceof this bearing is a creel platform support cone 56 which is made ofhard, wear resistant material such as hardened steel drill rod. Theupper end of the support cone is cylindrical and is formed with acentrally disposed narrowfiange 51.

The cone 56 has an axial passage 59 therethrough, the upper and lowerends of which flare outwardly. The lower end of the cone is disposedslightly above the level of the orifice 34 and below that of the opening50 in the skirt 48 of the storage device and the walls at the lower endof the passage 59 are smoothly rounded and highly polished in order thatthere be a minimum of frictional drag on the yarn in its passage to theorifice 34.

A pair of annular washer-like elements 58 and 60 of compressiblematerial such as synthetic rubber are positioned on either side of theflange 51. These members act as low pass filters and are effective insuppressing high frequency vibrations. This in effect divorces the massfactor of the supply package and platform from the whorl-flyer array, inturn reducing the recurrent forces (at spindle frequency) to asufficiently low value to insure stable operation and long life of thetwister parts at high spindle speeds.

The assembly of filter members 58 and 60 and flange 51 fit closelywithin an externally threaded mounting ring 62 which has an inner lipengaging the under surface of the filter member- 60.

A package support platform 64 is threaded'on the mounting ring 62 andinset in the under surface of the platform is a small permanent magnet68 (see Fig. 2B) which in conjunction with a magnet I mounted on theswing gate 4 as hereinafter more fully described serves to preventrotation of the package platform with rotation of the spindle. Insteadof a magnet 68 a piece of metal of high permeability such as soft iron,could be inset in the platform to serve as an armature for the fixedmagnet 10. Also mounted on the under side of the platform in a recessprovided therefor is a steel (or iron) safety latch 12 which swings outby centrifugal force and by magnetic force if the platform startstOrotate, engages the fixed magnet or the support therefor and stops therotation of the platform. This safety latch 12 may be and preferably issubstantially like that described and claimed in Serial No. 133,047 towhich reference may be had for a detailed description thereof.

Threaded on the ring 52 above the platform is a cylindrical sleeve 14which is internally threaded for a short length adjacent its upper end.A yarn guide tube 16 having a stepped flange 18 fixed to its lower endof a diameter substantially equal to the internal diameter of the sleeve14 is positioned within the sleeve with the step 15 of the flangebearing upon the upper surface of the filter member 58, the bore of thetube 16 being enlarged at the lower end so that the step 15 spans theupper cylindrical end of the cone support member 56.

In the particular embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 1 theyarn pretensioning means are retractable from the yarn flow path tofacilitate rethreading. As the construction and operation of this partof the twister of Fig. 1 departs in no substantial respect from thatdisclosed and claimed in Serial No. 133,047 no more than a, briefdescription thereof will be given herein. Reference may be had to thesaid co-pending application for a more complete description.

The pretensioning means comprise two pairs of tension pads each of whichis spring biased into engagement and the bias of which may be adjustedby means of screws 82. The pads normally extend across the yarn pathabove the guide tube 16 and are carried by an arm 84 pivotally mountedon a pedestal 86 threadedly mounted in i the sleeve 14, the guide tube16 extending through a central opening in the pedestal and fittingclosely thereinr A spring 88 biases the arm 84 into engagement with theupper end of the guide tube 16.

The pedestal 86 carries at its upper end a conical yarn guide cap 90having a vertical central passage therethrough in alinement with thebore of the guide tube 16.

A protective cylindrical shield 92 of thin metal or plastic which issoldered or otherwise secured along its lower edge to the periphery ofthe platform 54, is cut away slightly adjacent its upper end to providea shoulder for seating of a transparent dome 94 of plastic or othersuitable material.

In Fig. 1 a supply bobbin having a barrel 95 and upper and lower flanges98 and H11), respectively, is shown in position on the platform 64 andconfined within the sleeve 92 and dome 94, the upper flange 98 of thebobbin being at a level slightly below that of the tension pads 39. Thislength of bobbin permits adjustment of the tension screws withoutremoval of the bobbin and insures adequate space for retraction of thetension pad supporting arm 84. The upper flange 98 of the bobbin is oflesser diameter than the lower flange to conform with the tapering shapeof the dome S4 and to facilitate over end unwindin of the yarn therefromand the bobbin is preferably so wound as to yield a package I02 that iscylindrical for a major part of its length and gradually tapering to thediameter of the upper flange for the remainder of it length. Theproportions and construction of the bobbin shown herein, the method ofwinding of a package thereon and the package itself are not claimedherein as they form the sub- Ject matter of co-pending applications ofappli cant to which reference may be had, the bobbin being disclosed andclaimed in my copending application Serial No. 186,783, filed September26,

7 1950, and the package and method of'formingthe. same in Serial No.131,538, filed September 7, I949.

Fixedly mounted as by set screws on the pivot post I04 of the swing gateis an arcuate support bracket I06 for the fixed magnet 10, yarn taildeflector and balloon confining rin (see Figure 3). The tail deflectorincludes a plate I08 one end of which is secured to the under surface ofthe end of the bracket I 36 by means of screws I I and the other end ofwhich extends radially toward the axis of the spindle at a levelslightly below that of the storage device, the end of the plate being atsubstantially the same radial distance from the axis of the spindle asthe skirt of the storage device. A pin or post H2 is soldered in anaperture in the inner end of the plate and extends vertically downwardtherefrom. The tail deflector comprises a wire or rod H4 which issoldered at its mid section to the pin I I2 and plate I08. The freeparts of the wire. I M are curved upwardly and outwardly to formportions of spirals of opposite pitch and terminate substantially at thelevel of the periphery of the disc flyer and at a radial distance fromthe axis of the spindle slightly greater than the radius of the fiyer.

The functioning of the yarn deflector wire I I4, of the post H2 and ofthe spring 40 within the spindle upon yarn breakage will now bedescribed with reference to Figures 4 through 8A. In Figures 4 and 4Abreakage of yarn is assumed to have just occurred. The tail indicated atYissuing from the orifice 34 has not yet engaged the deflecting wire II4 and consequently still rides in the upper part of orifice 34 andstill passes through the opening 59 in the skirt of the storage device.Rotation of the spindle in the direction of the arrow brings the end ofthe tail Y under the end of the wire I I 4 as shown in Figures 5 and 5Aand as the tail rides the under surface of the wire its path isdeflected downwardly until, as shown in Figures 6 and 6A, the tailpasses out of the opening 50 and the exit point of the yarn from orifice34 likewise moves downward toward the apex of the V forming the sidewall of the orifice. With further rotation of the spindle the tailengages the post and is pulled between the end portion 403 of spring 40and the spindle wall adjacent the apex of the V at the side of orifice34 as shown in Figures 7 and 7A. The yarn end beating against the postlashes and wraps around it, as shown in Figures 8 and 8A and the end atthe spindle, being firmly gripped by the spring, will eventually breakbetween the post and spindle.

It will be understood that if the spindle rotates in the oppositedirection the yarn tail is engaged by the other end of wire I I4 and, atthe spindle, is eventually gripped between the part 40A of spring 40 andthe spindle wall.

With the reduction in radius of the yarn tail path to one half of theinner diameter of the whorl and consequent reduction of centrifugalforce acting in the yarn, feed-through of yarn ceases particularly whenthe bias of the pretensioning means is set to introduce a relativelyhigh tension into the yarn at entrance to the spindle. It will also beapparent that the portion of the yarn tail between the tensioning means80 and the spring gripping means 40 following severance of the yarn tailoutside the spindle will be subjected to a continuin twisting operationuntil the yarn breaks. Thus, the breaking of the tail portion of theyarn within the spindle assures that no further feed of yarn from theorifice 34 8 i will: take place, until the twister is again rethreaded'and putinto normal operation.

The providing of an initial high tension at the pretensioning devicedoes not require excessively high output tension in the yarn as theconstruction of the twister within the whorl sleeve in the neighborhoodof the outlet orifice is such as to introduce a minimum of tension intothe yarn. The lower end of the support cone 56 is rounded and polishedas heretofore indicated and the upper edge of the orifice 34 againstwhich the yarn normally bears is likewise smoothed to prevent abrasion.As compared with the twister of Serial No. 133,047 the output tensioncharacteristics are substantially the same in the twister of the presentapplication but the tension gradient is substantially reduced. Thisreduction in tension gradient has been found beneficial, particularlywhen high twist is being inserted in the yarn at lower spindle speeds(as required in nylon or other thermoplastic yarn to reduce overheatingof the yarn). The twisted yarn is more uniform and of higher strength,this being believed to be due to the fact that in the new twister theyarn in the first twist area experiences tension values more like thosein the end twist or balloon area. Specific values of tensioncharacteristic of the new twister are given hereinafter.

The magnet I0 as heretofore indicated is mounted on the bracket I06above the plate I08 and mounted on the magnet as by a screw H6 whichalso serves to support the magnet on the bracket is a support arm I I8of nonmagnetic material which extends upwardly and slightly inwardlytoward the spindle axis and has brazed or welded to its upper, end theballoon confining ring I20. The ring I20 is in the form of a band curvedto present toward the dome a slightly convex surface. Such shaped ringinsures substantial length of contact of theyarn with the ring withoutintroducing an abrupt turn in the yarn path. The diameter of the ring isonly slightly greater than that of the sleeve 92 insuring that the yarnwill ride the ring at all times. A fixed pigtail guide I22 forming partof the twister frame is positioned a short distance above the dome 94 onthe extended axis of the spindle and the ring I20 is preferablypositioned substantially at the level of the maximum free balloondiameter as in the twister of Serial No. 133,047. The ring I20 functionsin conjunction with the wrap-around device 42 and pretensioning means tocontrol the balloon shape and the output tension of the yarn asdescribed in said co-pending application, the tension introduced by thering increasing when the balloon tends to expand due to reduction inangle of wrap-around the device 42 and conversely decreasing withcontraction of the balloon due to increase of angle of wrap on thestorage device.

In order to demonstrate the factual basis for the statements previouslymade herein to the effect that applicants twister is one havin theactual advantages over one-for-one twisters that have not heretoforebeen realized in a practical twister the following table showing outputtension of yarn at different spindle speeds for differ-- average gage ofthe Atwood M-100 one-for-one twisters.

Table of tension-Spindle R. P. M. characteristics The pretension devicewas set to introduce from one fourth to one half of the output tension,depending upon the type of yarn and the amount of twist being inserted.The adjustment of the pretension device should be such as to keep theangle of wrap on the storage device below a full turn and preferablymore than a half turn.

In threading-up the twister of Fig. 1, the dome 94 is lifted off, theend of the yarn from the cake I02 is wrapped around the end of athreading snake (a long tightly coiled small diameter spring), arm 84 isretracted to move the tension.

pads away from the axis and the end of the snake is inserted through thecap guide 98 and pushed down through the bore of guide tube I6, throughthe passage 59 in the support cone 56 and into the slot 30 of the plug28. The curved base 32 of the slot 30 deflects the forward end of thesnake and guides it out through the lower extension of orifice 34,permitting the operator to grasp the snake and pull it out from thetwister. The dome 94 is then replaced and the snake with the yarn endsecured thereto is brought up between the ring I20 and the sleeve 92 tocomplete the threading of the device. After breaking the yarn from thesnake, the yarn is passed through the fixed pigtail guide I22 andconnected to the appropriate take-up device of the twister frame inconventional manner. The 7 above described operation requires but littleskill and. can be eifected with rapidity by mill operatives.

If it is desired to dispense with the necessity for moving the tensionpads out of the way of the threading snake, the alternative constructionshown in Figure 1A may be employed. In this embodiment of the inventionthe guide tube I6 is replaced by an upright member I24 having an axialyarn passage I25 and oppositely inclined passages I26 and I28 therein,passages I26 and I28 being of a diameter sufficient to accommodate thethreading snake. The member I24 may be formed of two parts firmlysecured together as by screws I30 or may be a single casting. When oftwo parts, as shown in the drawing, one part is cut away as indicated atI32 and the pairs I34 and I36 of tension pads are mounted, as by pinsI38, within this cut out portion, the pads being oriented at an angle tothe horizontal with their free ends uppermost. Above the cut awayportion I32 the sides of the member I24 converge to a pointsubstantially at the axis of the twister and the passage I26 extendsfrom this point to the recess I32 along one edge of the member, beingopen sided along its length. The passage I28, which is in effect -a.continuation of passage I26, extends from the side of the recess I32beneath the terminus of passage I26, to the lower end of the member I24where it terminates at the axis. One of the parts forming the member I24is relieved v the appended claims.

"10 throughout its length from the passages I26 and I28 to the axialpassage I25 to provide a yarn slot I40.

The lower end of member I24 is provided with a stepped flange I42corresponding to flange I8 of Figure l for mounting on the filter 58.

A cover member I44 tapered and centrally appertured to provide a yarnguide passage at its upper end and having an externally threadedcylindrical lower end fits snugly over the upper half of the member I24.The cover member is mounted like pedestal 86 on the upper end of sleeve14 and is provided with suitable holes, (not shown) for access to thetension adjusting screws I46 of the tension pads.

With the above described construction the passages I26 and I28provide aby-pass of the tension pads for the threading snake and the slot I40provides means for guiding the yarn from the by-pass to the axialpassage of the spindle upon removal of the snake, the angulardisposition of the tension pads insuring that the yarn in moving to theaxial passage of the twister will pass between the pads into operatingposition. Thus in this embodiment of the invention no retraction of thepretensioning means from the yarn path is necessary during the threadingoperation. ;1

In the particular embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 1A,the package platform, outer tubular shield and inner cylindrical sleeveare of plastic material and form a unitary structure of relatively lightweight. It will be understood that this construction could beincorporated in the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 1. II

The invention now been described with reference to the preferredembodiment thereof .might be omittedor added without departing from thespirit of the invention as defined in This application is acontinuation-impart of my co-pending application Serial No. 133,047,

filed December 15, 1949.

The following is claimed? 1. In a textile machine for twisting yarn thecombination with a spindle mounted for rotation about its axis andprovided with an orifice for withdrawal of yarn therethrough of yarntail deflecting means positioned to be engaged, after breakage of yarn,by the tail of the yarn issuing from the spindle orifice, saiddeflecting means comprising a member having a yarn guiding surfaceextending from a first location in the neighborhood of the normal pathof the yarn to a second location nearer to the axis of the spindlethanthe first location and means at said second location for trappingthe tail to cause wind-up thereof-about the spindle with consequentreduction in the centrifugal force tending to cause feed of yarn throughthe spindle orifice after yarn breakage. I II I I 2. The combinationaccording to claim 1 wherein said means at said second locationcomprises cluding-yarn gripping means within the spindle operative togrip the yarn in the neighborhood of the orifice when a yarn tail hasbeen trapped by the means at said second location.

:4. The combinationaccording to claim.3v wherein said spindle hasaninner wall and said yarn gripping means comprises resilient meanssecured to the inner wall of the spindle at a point circumferentiallyspaced from the orifice and having a .partextending toward theoriflceand free to move under centrifugal force into a position toobstruct apart of theorifice along one side thereof, said part servingto hold the yarn against the inner wall of the spindle whenthe yarnemerges from that side of the orifice in winding up on the spindle.

5. The combination according to claim 4 wherein the spindle orifice isof V-shape along saidside and said free part of said resilient meansoverlies the apex of the V during rotation of the spindle.

6. The combination according to claim 1.wherein said deflecting meanshas a second yarn guiding surface extending from a third location in theneighborhood of the normalpath of the yarn to said second location, saidthird location being at substantially the same distance from the spindleaxis as said first location and said first and third locations being atopposite sides of and substantially equidistant from a plane 'containingthe axis of the spindle and passing through said second location,whereby, irrespective of the direction of rotation of the spindle thetail issuing from the-spindle orifice after yarn'breakage will be guidedto said means at the second location.

7. In a twister of the type whereinyarn drawn from a supply packagesupported on a rotatable spindle passes axially through a part of thespindle out through an orifice in the side thereof and then balloonsabout the package in'transit to a take-up device, the combinationcomprising a yarn tail deflector positioned out of the normal path ofthe yarn and engageable, after yarn breakage, by the tail of yarnissuing from the spindle orifice, said deflector having a yarn guidingand deflecting surface extending from a first location in theneighborhood of the yarnballoon to a second location nearer to thespindle axis and means at said second location fortrapping the tail tocause wind-up thereof about the spindle.

8. The combination according to claim 7 including means for tensioningthe yarn in its travel to the spindle orifice whereby the twist in atail between said tensioning means and the spindle orifice, afterwind-up of the tail on thespindle, willtend to break the tail within thespindle and stop the feed of yarn through the orifice.

9. The combination according to claim 7 ineluding a member mounted onsaid spindle adjacent the orifice and having a cylindrical surfacecoaxial with the spindle for passage of yarn thereover in transit to theballoon, said surface having a yarn guide slot therein through which theyarn passes during normal operation of the twister, the guiding surfaceof said tail deflector being so positioned relative to said slot :as toguide the tail out of the slot and to the trapping means at said secondlocation.

10. The combination according to claim 7 including yarn gripping meanswithin the spindle operative to grip the yarn in the neighborhood of theorifice when a yarn tail has been trapped by the means at said secondlocation.

11. The combination according to claim 10 wherein said spindle has aninner wall and said yarn gripping means comprises resilient meanssecured to the inner wall of the spindle, at. a pointcircumferentiallyspaced from the orifice andhavinga part extendingtoward the orifice and free to move under centrifugal force into aposition to obstruct a part of the orifice along one side thereof, saidpart serving to hold the yarn against the inner wall of the spindle whenthe yarn emerges from that side of the orifice in winding up on thespindle.

12. The combination according to claim 11 wherein the spindle orifice isof V-shape along said side and said free part of said resilient meansoverlies the apex of the V during rotation of the spindle.

13. A twofor-one twister assembly comprising in combination a rotatablespindle, a flyer fixed to said spindle for rotation therewith, a supportcarried by said spindle, said spindle having a passage therein for flowof yarn therethrough, stabilizing means for preventing rotation of saidsupport, an elongated member carried by said support and formed with ayarn guide passage communicating with said spindle passage, said memberhaving a recess formed therein, yarn tensioning means in said recess, anannular'yarn guide carried by said support in spaced relation to saidrecess and with the aperture thereof aligned with said yarn guidepassage, said elongated member being formed with a pair of threading-uppassages by-passing said tensioning means, one extending from saidannular guide to said recess and the other from said recess to thespindle passageand with a yarn slot laterally connecting saidthreading-up passages with the yarn guide slot, whereby the twister maybe threaded-up by means of an elongated flexible yarn holding tool of across section less than the diameter of the threading-up passages butgreater than that of the yarn guide passage in said member, the yarnmoving laterally from the threading-up passages to the guide passage andinto the tensioning' means when tensioned after withdrawal of theflexible'tool from the spindle passage.

14. Atwister according to claim 13 wherein said tensioning meanscomprises at least'one pair of pads adapted toengage the yarntherebetween and resilient means urging said pads into engagement withthe yarn.

15. The twister according to claim '14 including means accessibleexternally of said elongated member 'for adjusting said resilient means'to adjust the tension introducedinto the yarn by said tensioning means.

'16. The twister according to claim 13 including a fixed yarn guidespaced from said annular guide and, a housing mounted on saidsupportenclosing the parts carried thereby and defining an inner limitfor the yarn balloon formed between said fly-er and fixed guide duringrotation of the spindle.

- '17. The twisteraccording to claim 16 including deflecting meansengageable, upon breakage of yarn,.by the yarn tail issuing from thespindle, said deflecting means having a yarn guiding and deflectingsurface extending from .a first location in the neighborhood of theflyer to a said location nearer to the spindle axis and means normaloperation of the twister, the guiding surface of said tail deflectingmeans being'soposi- "13 tioned relative to said yarn guide slot as toguide the tail out of the slot and to the trapping means at said secondlocation.

19. In a textile machine for twisting yarn, the combination comprising aframe, a vertical post adapted to be mounted on the frame, bearingsmounted on said post in spaced relation, a tubular whorl mounted on saidbearings and provided with an orifice above said bearings for withdrawalof yarn therefrom, a bearing comprising inner and outer bearing membersmounted within said whorl above said orifice with the outer bearingmember fixed to said whorl, a member having an axial yarn passagetherethrough carried in said inner bearing member, a yarn supplysupport, means for mounting said support on said member above the innerbearing member, said last mentioned means including flexible elementspermitting limited angular movement of the support about axesperpendicular to the axis of the yarn passage and serving to suppresshigh frequency vibrations of the support, a flyer mounted on said whorlin the neighborhood of the orifice and stabilizing means preventingrotation of said support by said whorl.

20. The combination according to claim 19 wherein each side edge of saidspindle orifice is V-shaped, a split ring of spring material mountedwithin the whorl at the level of the orifice, the parts of the ring atthe sides of the split being free to move under the influence ofcentrifugal force into position to obstruct the V- shaped sides of theorifice and means operative upon breakage of yarn to guide the tail ofthe yarn issuing from the orifice toward a side of the orifice to begripped between a part of the split ring and the inner surface of thewhorl.

21. The combination according to claim 20 including means carried bysaid support for introducing tension into yarn before entrance into theyarn passage of said member whereby after breakage of yarn and grippingof the tail adjacent a side of the orifice, the tail will break betweensaid tensioning means and the orifice.

22. In a twister of the type wherein yarn drawn from a supply packagesupported on a rotatable spindle passes axially through a part of thespindle out through an orifice in the side thereof and then balloonsabout the package in transit to a take-up device, the combinationcomprising means for directing a yarn tail after yarn breakage from thenormal path of yarn in the neighborhood of the yarn balloon to a newpath, and means in alignment with said new path for trapping a portionof the free end of said yarn tail to arrest the motion thereof.

23. The combination, according to claim 22, including means carried bysaid spindle responsive to the trapping of a portion of said tail forgripping the tail and causing it to be broken.

24. In a twister of the type wherein yarn drawn from a supply packagesupported on a rotatable spindle passes axially through a part of thespindle out through an orifice in the s1de thereof and then balloonsabout the package in transit to a take-up device, the combinationcomprising a yarn. tail deflector positioned out of the normal path ofthe yarn and engageable, after yarn breakage, by the tail of yarnissuing from the spindle orifice, said deflector having a yarn guidingand deflecting surface extending from a first location in theneighborhood of the yarn balloon to a second location nearer to thespindle axis, means at said second location for trapping the tail tocause wind-up thereof about the spin- 14 dle, ,yarn gripping meanswithin the spindle operative to grip the yarn in the neighborhood of theorifice when a yarn tail has been trapped by the means at said secondlocation, and means for tensioning yarn in its travel to the spindlepassage whereby the twist developed in a tail between said tensioningmeans and said gripping means will tend to break the tail within thespindle and stop the feed of yarn through the orifice.

25. A two-for-one. twister assembly comprising in combination arotatable spindle, a flyer fixed to said spindle for rotation therewith,a support carried by said spindle, said spindle having a passage thereinfor flow ofiyarn therethrough, stabilizing means for preventing rotationof said support, an elongated member carried by said support and formedwith a yarn .guide passage communicating with said spindle passage, saidmember having a recess formed therein, yarn tensioning means in saidrecess, an annular yarn guide carried by said support in spaced relationto said recess and with the aperture thereof alignedwith said yarn guidepassage, said elongated member being formed with a pair of threading-uppassages by-passing said tensioning means, one extending from saidannular guide to said recess and the other from said recess tothespindle passage and with a yarn slot laterally connecting saidthreadingup passages with the yarn guide slot, whereby the twister maybe threaded-up by means of an elongated fiexible yarn holding tool of across section less than the diameter of the threading-up passages butgreater than that of the yarn guide passage in said member, the yarnmoving laterally from the threading-up passages to the guide passage andinto the tensioning means when tensioned after withdrawal of theflexible tool from the spindle passage, a fixed yarn guide spaced fromsaid annular guide and a housing mounted on said support enclosing theparts carried thereby and defining an inner limit for the yarn balloonformed between said flyer and fixed guide during rotation of thespindle, deflecting means engageable, upon breakage of yarn, by the yarntail issuing from the spindle, said deflecting means having a yarnguiding and deflecting surface extending from a first location in theneighborhood of the flyer to a said location nearer to the spindle axisand means at said second location for trapping the tail to cause wind-upthereof about the spindle, and yarn gripping means provided within thespindle passage operative to grip the yarn when a tail has been trappedby the means at said second location.

26. A two-for-one twister assembly comprising in combination a rotatablespindle, a flyer fixed to said spindle for rotation therewith, a supportcarried by said spindle, said spindle having a passage therein for flowof yarn therethrough, stabilizing means for preventing rotation of saidsupport, an elongated member carried by said support and formed with ayarn guide passage communicating with said spindle passage, said memberhaving a recess formed therein, yarn tensioning means in said recess, anannular yarn guide carried by said support in spaced relation to saidrecess and with the aperture thereof aligned with said yarn guidepassage, said elongated member being formed with a pair of threading-uppassages by-passing said tensioning means, one extending from saidannular guide to said recess and the other from said recess to thespindlepassage and with a 15 yarn slot laterally connecting saidthreading-up passages with the yarn guide slot, whereby the twistermaybe threaded-up by means of an elongated flexible yarn holding toolof across section less than the diameter of the threading-up passages butgreater than that of the yarn guide passage in'said member, the yarnmoving laterally from the threading-up pasages to the guide passage andinto the tensioning means when tensioned after withdrawal of theflexible tool .from the spindle passage, a fixed yarn guide spaced fromsaid annular guide, a housing mounted on said support enclosing theparts carried thereby and defining an inner limit for the yarn balloonformed between said fiyer and fixed guide during rotation of thespindle, and a balloon confining member spaced from and surrounding saidhousing, said balloon confining member having an inner smooth surfaceover which the yarn travels in transit to said fixed guide. 7

27. In a twister of the type wherein yarn drawn from a supply packagesupported on a rotatable spindle passes axially through a part of thespindle out through an orifice in the side thereof and then balloonsabout the package .in transit to a take-up device, the combinationcomprising "means :carried by the spindle-responsive :to yarn breakage"externally of the spindle for gripping the yarn tail adjacent saidorifice, and means for tensioning the yarn in its travel to the spindleorifice whereby the twist in a yarn tail between said tensioning meansand said gripping means will tend to break the tail within the spindleand stop the feed of yarn through the orifice.

28. The yarn twister of .claim 27 wherein the yarn tail gripping meansincludes a movable member normally heldin non-gripping position Wh'enSaid spindle is at-rest and free to move under the influence ofcentrifugal force into a gripping position.

29. The yarn twister of claim 28 wherein the yarn tail gripping meanscomprises a split ring of spring material mounted within the spindle atthe level of said orifice, the portions of the ring on each side of thesplit projecting partially across said orifice and being free to bemoved .by centrifugal force into clamping engagement with a limited areaadjacent at least two sides of said orifice.

NORMAN E. KLEIN.

No references cited.

